BLOOD STAINS

Kidnapping, rape and qatl-i-amd of a minor---- Seizure of blood, string, chaddar and shoe, each with stains of blood, from inside the room occupied by the accused and co-accused, duly depicted in site plan, establish beyond an iota of doubt that the victim was molested to death in the room located in the factory where admittedly both the accused and co-accused worked-- 2021 SCMR  662 SUPREME-COURT

Blood stains. The presence of spots of blood on clothing and weapons in possession of a person accused of murder may be quite consistent with his innocence. It will be of some help if the blood of the deceased is grouped and also the grouping of blood is ascertained from the blood stained crime articles.
Blood on weapons. Heavy blunt instruments applied with force to the head may cause severe injuries without effusion of blood. Unless a weapon strikes an injured and bleeding place a second or third time or is used in subsequent struggle or handled by a bloody hand no blood whatsoever may be found. A blunt weapon dealing a blow which splits the tissues is often unstained until second, third and further blows are given because the first blow will rebound long before bleeding starts. The blow causes momentary crushing of the blood vessels and several seconds may elapse before bleeding starts. Each blow on a different part of the body with blunt weapon may not stain the weapon though several blows are caused with it. Head gear worn by a person or clothing may absorb the blood before the weapon can be stained even on second or third blow on the same spot. In stab wounds, the weapon gets very slight stains on its blade on the first blow. (Taylor).
Disintegrated blood stains. Origin not determinable, held, such stains are of no evidentiary value. There is nothing extraordinary about stains of blood of animals or birds being found on the clothes of farmers. (SC) PLD 1959 SC (Pak.) 258 Lallu.
Blood-stained clothes and hatchet recovered but serologist found blood disintegrated. Held recoveries so far as they go supported direct evidence of eye-witnesses of unimpeachable character. (SC) PLD 1965 SC 363 Ghulam Rasul v. Ali Akbar.
Blood disintegrated from weapon of offence, the recovery held of no value. 1979 P.Cr.LJ 536. Muhammad Ayub.
Blood disintegrated on weapons of offence loses significance when recoveries proved by reliable witnesses and unimpeachable ocular evidence. PLJ 1986 SC 722. Riaz Hussain. 1986 SCMR 1934.
Blood-stained knife. Blood disintegrated. Mere fact that the blood-stained knife recovered at the instance of the accused was found not stained with human blood due to disintegration does not deprive such knife of evidentiary value. (DB) 1968 P.Cr.LJ 707 Zarray Khan PLD 1964 Kar. 437 Ghaus etc. (DB) PLD 1966 Kar. 67. Ramzan. (PLD 1959 SC (Pak.) 258 distinguished).
Blood stains after two months on chhuri; recovery rejected as a chhuri could not retain blood stains on it for nearly two months in summer. (DB) PLJ 1981 Cr.C. (Lah.) 459 State v. Mst. Mukhtaran etc.
Disintegrated Blood. Although the origin of the blood could not be determined as it had disintegrated, the recoveries of blood-stained articles served to support the other evidence. (SC) PLD 1970 SC 166 = 1971 SCMR 462 = 1970 P.Cr.LJ 533 = 1971 SCMR 326 Haji Ahmed.
Recovery of blood-stained weapons without any other reliable evidence cannot be made basis of conviction (SC) 1969 SCMR 647 = 1969 P.Cr.LJ 1253 Karir etc. v. Crown (DB) PLD 1971 Lah. 68 Haider 1975 P.Cr.LJ 1018.
Blood-stained chopper and blood-stained sheet recovered from the house of the accused is not sufficient for conviction when the eye-witnesses are held to be unreliable. "Nothing" cannot be multiplied or corroborated. (DB) ILR 16 Lah. 995. (FC) Dhunda v. Crown, 1972 SCMR 278 Muttali. (DB) 1971 P.Cr.LJ 694 Allah Bux.
Article stained with human blood recovered not by itself sufficient to convict the accused. (SC) 1971 SCMR 756 Muhammad Yaqub.
Human blood-stained axe and chadder produced by the accused which was buried in the ground. Even coupled with the suspicious conduct of the accused is not, apart from the inadmissible confession, sufficient for maintaining conviction. (DB) ILR 15 Lah. 856 (868) Hashmat Khan v. Crown.
Human blood-stained shalwar and hatchet produced not by itself sufficient to hold conviction. (DB) PLD 1964 Kar. 275 Gulbeg (DB) 1971 P.Cr.LJ 439 Ahmed. (DB) PLD 1957 Kar. 253 Shahal.
Blood-stained handle of hatchet recovered insufficient to support conviction for murder. (FC) PLD 1956 FC 123 Siraj v. Crown.
Blood-stained sota recovered after 6 days of occurrence not by itself sufficient to maintain conviction. (SC) PLD 1959 SC (Pak.) 491 Muhammad Din.
Ample corroboration. Blood-stained dang and hatchet recovered at the instance of the accused. Blood of human origin. Held, ample corroboration of the direct evidence of murder. (SC) 1968 P.Cr.LJ 205 Abdul Khaliq.
Blood-stained knife and shirts recovered from the accused, together with retracted confession and circumstantial evidence, held, enough to maintain conviction. (FC) 1969 P.Cr.LJ 898 Karam Hussain v. Crown.
Blood-stained toka recovered at the instance of the accused held to be enough corroboration of interested evidence. (DB) PLD 1960 Lah. 373 Fazal v. Crown.
Wearing blood-stained articles. It is by no means contrary to experience that a murderer continues to wear blood-stained articles. (DB) AIR 1933 Pat. 100 Masadi Rai v. Emperor.
Quantity of blood. Blood-stained Kurta produced by the accused, there being no evidence how much blood was on the garment and the presence of blood stains on zamindar's clothes is not by itself important evidence. (DB) AIR 1925 Lah. 432 Bahawal v. Crown.
Minute spots of blood on an Indian's shirt cannot be regarded as material corroboration. (DB) AIR 1925 Lah. 526 Jit Singh v. Emperor.
Disintegration of blood. It is not likely to detect blood after 27 days when under nails of a person for 18 days. (DB) ILR 20 Lah. 206 Ujagar Singh v. Crown.
Blood-stained nails. The evidence of blood-stained nails is not only of no value but may be extremely dangerous. (DB) ILR 20 Lah. 206 Ujjagar Singh v. Crown.
Blood-stained clothes. Garments of all accused found stained with human blood. Case however involving indications of fabrication during investigation. High Court refused to rely on blood-stained clothes. (DB) PLJ 1974 Cr.C. (Lah.) 28 Muhammad Ayub (DB) 1976 P.Cr. LJ 660 Chibar Machi.
Blood stained shirt removed from the accused's body on the next day of occurrence. He also produced blood stained hatchet. Recovery witnesses interested. Held, it does not appeal to reason that the accused would continue wearing blood stained shirt and keep blood-stained hatchet till next day. (DB) PLJ 1989 Cr.C. (Kar.) 100. Waris Chandio.
Recoveries of Blood Stained Clothes four or five days after the incident not reliable. PLJ 1980 Cr.C. (Lah.) 453 (DB) Haji Ahmed.
Belated recoveries of blood stained hatchets from the possession of the accused. It is not expected that the accused would let the hatchets remain blood stained for such a long time. Recoveries not believed. PLJ 1989 Cr.C. (Lah.) 424. Haji and three others.
Extent and dimension of blood-stains on shalwar of one accused not indicated, not enough to connect accused with murder in the circumstances. Accused given benefit of doubt and acquitted. (DB) 1974 P.Cr.LJ 172 Daim etc.
No blood on spot. Blood flowing from external injuries absorbed by clothes on the deceased. Non-recovery of blood-stained earth from the place of occurrence did not falsify prosecution case. (SC) PLD 1974 SC 65 Muhammad Rafiq.
Recoveries. Case record showing recovered article stained with human blood. Witnesses, however, not noticing recoveries as blood-stained. Held, recoveries in such circumstances became doubtful and cannot be relied on. (DB) PLJ 1974 Cr.C. (Lah.) 221 Danial etc.
Blood-stained hatchet-identity. Foot constable who delivered hatchet to chemical examiner not produced. Identity of hatchet may be proved by other evidence. All acts performed officially are to have been regularly performed according to rules unless proved otherwise. (C) PLD 1966 FC 62 Khan Beg v. Crown.
Recovery of weapon described in record as stained with human blood but one P.W. did not notice it as so stained. Recovery held doubtful and unworthy of reliance. (DB) 1974 P.Cr.LJ Note 106 Danial etc. PLJ 1974 Cr.C. (Lah.) 221.
No blood on crime weapon (spear) immaterial. Conviction upheld, as the solitary eye-witness relied on, supported by medical evidence. (DB) 1974 P.Cr. LJ 507 Bashir.
Sota not stained with blood, held, its recovery is of no consequence. 1997 SCMR 1076, Umar Hayat etc.
No blood stains on the recovered sotas (sticks) from the accused. Such recovery is of no consequence. (DB) PLJ 1976 BJ 6 Sadoo etc.
Blood stained earth not taken in possession by the investigating officer from the place of occurrence does not make the prosecution case doubtful. PLJ 1976 Lah. 792 Jumma.